The international avocado market has experienced significant growth in recent years, driven primarily by exports from countries like Chile and Colombia. These countries have established themselves as major suppliers in key markets such as the United States and Europe, contributing to the global increase in demand for this fruit.

Chile: A key player in the avocado market

Chile has been an avocado exporter for decades, and its importance in the global market has steadily increased. The United States, the world's largest consumer of avocados, has been one of the main destinations for Chilean exports. With an annual consumption of 1.3 billion kilograms, the United States imports 85% of its avocados from Mexico, followed by California, Peru, Colombia, and Chile. This diversification of suppliers has allowed Chile to strengthen its market position.

In Europe, avocado consumption has grown exponentially. Ten years ago, Europe consumed 2 million kilograms per week, a figure that has increased to 14-15 million kilograms per week, with peaks of up to 20 million during the summer months. This growth is largely due to promotions and competitive prices offered by suppliers such as Peru and Chile.

“Europe was initially a consumer of 2 million kilograms per week, then 5 million kilograms per week. Today we can place it at around 14-15 million kilograms per week,” explained Víctor Ruete, head of Europe for the Chilean avocado exporting company Baika Fruit.

Colombia, for its part, has emerged as a new supplier with great potential in the avocado market. Unlike other producing countries, Colombia has the capacity to produce avocados year-round, thanks to its tropical climate and diverse altitudes. Although it still faces challenges in ensuring consistent quality, the country has significantly improved its production and quality in recent years.

Colombia's entry into the international market has been well received, especially in Europe, where demand continues to rise. Colombia has proven to be a viable competitor, offering avocados during seasons when other suppliers have lower production.

“Colombia is a source that is capable of producing 365 days a year...it is a source with great potential,” Ruete added.

Challenges and opportunities

The avocado market is not without its challenges. Climate change and evolving production conditions have created uncertainty within the industry. However, both Chile and Colombia have demonstrated their ability to adapt and overcome these obstacles, maintaining a consistent and high-quality supply.

In the United States, after 15 years of continuous growth in avocado consumption, a slight decrease of 4% has been observed in the last year. Despite this, demand remains high, and suppliers are working to improve the efficiency and sustainability of their operations.

In Europe, although consumption has decreased by 8% compared to last year, demand is expected to recover, driven by the continued promotion and availability of high-quality avocados. “In the case of Europe, the season is measured differently due to the diverse origins and overlapping agricultural seasons. We are currently experiencing lower consumption, close to 8% less than at this time last year,” commented Ruete.

The future of the international avocado market looks promising. Both Chile and Colombia are expected to continue expanding their exports, taking advantage of opportunities in emerging markets and consolidating their presence in established ones. Diversifying suppliers and optimizing supply chains will be key to meeting global demand and ensuring the sustained growth of the avocado industry.